The Internet of Things (IoT) is a transformative process that connects smart devices and objects to a network, enabling efficient performance and remote access. The architecture of an IoT system is straightforward:
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Smart devices and sensors collect data from their surroundings and transmit this information to the next layer.
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Gateways manage data traffic between various networks and protocols, translating different network protocols as needed.
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Cloud platforms provide tools to collect, process, manage, and store large amounts of data in real time.
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Analytics convert raw data from billions of smart devices and sensors into actionable insights, enabling detailed analysis and interpretation.
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User interfaces serve as the visible, tangible part of the IoT system, offering easy access for users.
The scope of the IoT is primarily divided into three categories:
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Consumer IoT
This includes billions of personal devices such as smartphones, wearable technology, fashion items, and an increasing number of smart home appliances. These devices connect to the Internet, collect data, and share it. Key areas include smart home systems, home security, healthcare, personal asset tracking, and wearable technologies.
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Commercial IoT
This category encompasses IoT applications in environments like commercial office buildings, hotels, dormitories, healthcare facilities (hospitals or outpatient clinics), and entertainment venues. Primary functions are found in medical technology, healthcare, transportation, and building or home automation.
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Industrial IoT (IIoT)
IIoT is designed for managing and monitoring industrial systems. It is particularly impactful in industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, energy production, and utilities.
The IoT value chain involves several types of players, including:
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Device providers: Intel, Samsung, Apple
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Operators: AT&T, Vodafone
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Platform providers: Cisco, IBM, Google, Microsoft
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System integrators: Accenture, Infosys, HCL
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Application providers: webMethods, miCoach
The IoT market is fueled by factors such as improved hardware, better connectivity, the rise of Big Data, and increasing digital personalization and lifestyles. More integrated IoT solutions are being developed using technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Cloud Computing, Big Data and Blockchain.
